Scabies

Created: 09.01.2025

Updated 09.01.2025

Approved by: Consultant Dermatologist, Dr James Denny

What is Scabies?

Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows into the skin to lay eggs. The condition spreads through close physical contact or sharing personal items like bedding or clothing. Scabies is common in crowded living conditions and can affect people of all ages.

What are the Symptoms?

The primary symptoms of scabies include intense itching, especially at night, and a rash with small red bumps or blisters. Burrow marks, which appear as thin, wavy, grayish lines on the skin, are a hallmark of the condition. Commonly affected areas include the hands, wrists, elbows, armpits, waist, and between the fingers. In severe cases, persistent scratching may lead to secondary bacterial infections.

What are the Treatments?

Treatment for scabies involves eliminating the mites and their eggs. Prescription topical medications, such as permethrin cream or ivermectin lotion, are commonly used. Oral ivermectin may be prescribed for severe or widespread cases. All household members and close contacts should be treated simultaneously, even if they do not show symptoms, to prevent reinfestation. Bedding, clothing, and personal items should be washed at 60oC for >30 minutes and dried on high heat to kill any mites. Note, not all fabrics can be treated this way.

What is the Prognosis?

The prognosis for scabies is excellent with appropriate treatment, as the mites and symptoms typically clear up within a few weeks. However, itching may persist for six weeks after treatment as the skin heals. Reinfection is possible if all contacts are not treated or if personal items are not properly cleaned. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment help prevent complications and reduce the risk of transmission.